SBR, if compared to the conventional activated sludge system, is capable to handle higher loading fluctuation, easy operation, compact layout, and most importantly, its capability to consistently producing high quality effluent. SBR is a cost effective, space saving biological treatment alternative in both Municipal and Industrial Waste Water Treatment

The Sequential Batch Reactor (SBR) is a modification of the conventional activated sludge process. In the SBR process all steps of biological treatment and solid/liquid separation are performed in a single reactor during a defined process cycle.

SBR is used generally in secondary waste water treatment when the biological reaction is required to reduce the BOD and COD parameters. In biological waste water treatment design, Dissolved air flotation (DAF) system is normally selected as primary treatment unit in oleo-chemical industry and pulp and paper industry. While DAF system reduces suspended solids and oil and grease to a minimum level, SBR acts as polishing unit to ensure the effluent meeting authority's preset standard.

SBR can accomplish the tasks of primary clarification, bio-oxidation and secondary clarification within the confines of a single reactor. As SBR is time-oriented and not space oriented, aeration periods and mixing cycles may be altered to accommodate specific operating conditions and to yield the desired results. .

The SBR system operates in cycles consisting of five basic processes, namely Fill, Aerate, Settle, Decant and Idle. Adequate time is provided for each of the processes, through a PLC. The wastewater is transferred to the reactor during the start of the cycle. Aeration would then started where the actual biological reaction take place. During ‘Settle’ stage, the aeration would stops meaning the completion of the reaction, and the activated sludge or MLSS settled to the bottom of the tank, leaving the top supernatant portion that would be discharged during ‘Decant’. ‘Idle’ is the standby period for the next cycle to commence and normally occupy a very short time.

Advantage of SBR technology includes: